Sunday, May 24, 2009

Photo Tips: Managing/organizing your images

After you get your digital camera, you will quickly find a growing proliferation of image file bits scattered and, while not lost, not findable. Hopefully this can help you get your images under control before they get too far out of control. I have the quick list, right here, and the longer explanation below.
  1. Software: Get some software to help you out. My Pick is Google’s Picasa desktop software; it’s free, it works on Mac, Windows, and Linux(!), and it has strong ties to online PicasaWeb albums (as well as uploading to other sites). Oh, and did I say it’s free?
  2. Folder organization: Prefix the folder names where you put your images by its date in year, month, and optionally date order (e.g., “2009-05” or “2009-05-24” or “200905”). This allows you to easily sort your folders chronologically by name.
  3. Image filenames: Use generic filenames for the images, usually the sequential number assigned by the camera.
  4. Tag your images: Most software allows you to “tag” your images with keywords that make searching for images quicker and easier, later. Be as liberal and prolific as you can, in adding tags so that you can search for the images, later.

On the middle two points, a new digital photographer will have a strong temptation to name folders and images by subject. The problem is that the subject might be subjective; so, not only does it take longer to “handle” your pictures, it could make it more difficult to find them, later, when you are in a different frame of mind. As you accumulate more and more images, it will be difficult to locate images by name only. It may help to suffix the name of folder or image with a descriptive name so that you can recognize it visually in your desktop’s file browser. Using tags can also help you find your images.

Software

My HP machine came with some image management software, but since you will want to have access to your images for a longer period of time than you are likely to have your computer, you will want to pick a more popular solution. I already mentioned that I strongly recommend using Picasa. The following mentions some other photo management solutions that you may have heard of.

There are dozens, if not hundreds, of entry level programs. Picasa is targeted at the lay-person and is suited, not only to beginners, but reasonably advanced users. If you have confidence in Google’s commitment to maintain its desktop software, then this should be sufficient. I will give tips on using Picasa in a future blog entry.

Apple’s iPhoto is targeted at the same user audience as Picasa and shares most of the same features. It does have a slightly better user interface that makes more efficient use of the screen. However, it has a few problems:

  • It runs on Macs-only.
  • It sucks in and hides the original images so they are not readily accessible to other applications or file browsing.
  • It is difficult (impossible?) to move a subset your growing set of images to another drive while still being accessible by the program.

Adobe includes their Bridge product along with their expensive professional image creation and editing tools such as PhotoShop and Illustrator. Bridge is a great tool for viewing and sorting through large batches of photos, although it does not remember the images, so it can be slow to bring up its initial view of a set of images. And, unfortunately, Adobe does not sell Bridge by itself.

Expert Software

Where there are numerable solutions for most people, there are only a couple of commonly used solutions for expert users, the Adobe solutions and the Apple solutions. I won’t dwell on these programs since they are for far more serious photographers.

Besides Apple’s iPhoto software, Apple has Aperture 2 for advanced and professional photographers. It provides file management, “workflow,” and advanced photo editing functions.

Adobe, produces several expert/professional level products that include Bridge which allows very powerful image management, tagging, and searching features. Adobe also sells Lightroom for advanced file management, workflow, and common editing functions, targeted at professional photographers. Adobe products are all available for both Mac and Windows.

Again, I will cover Picasa usage tips in more detail in a later post.

Update, May 29 — Deleted photo editing info and added comments about Adobe Bridge.

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Tuesday, May 12, 2009

Tech Project: Create a Bootable Software Utility CD

Floppies are no longer ubiquitous and a floppy is not big enough to hold a useful amount of content anyway, so now I need to create an alternative to floppies that contains my essential software in a single medium.

The goal is to create a software utility configuration with the following properties:
  • Bootable CD (that would also work as a bootable USB, thumb, or flash drive)
  • Contains primary disk management utilities:
  • Contains installable “essential utilities”
  • If installed on a writable medium (especially if not on CD), then allow “portable app” support when possible.
Most of the published information on the internet is quite old. While still factually correct, they use old or obsolete information in their examples. This article provides a more contemporary look at the same issues.

This is a work in progress, come back to see my progress.

Preparing a Bootable CD: Concepts

Enabling a bootable CD is a bit of a hack; there is no direct support for booting from optical media. Instead the optical disk emulates more traditional media, floppy or hard disks.

Originally, creating a bootable CD meant creating a bootable master hard drive with the exact content and layout which is imaged to the CD. Today, it is difficult to find a hard drive small enough for this purpose. Alternatively, a smaller image can be created from a diskette drive. This startup image can load CD-ROM that allow the subsequent operation to access the remaining content of the disk.

The directly bootable portion (the disk or floppy image) is not visible when not booted from the CD drive, so it is advisable to keep all the generally viewable files separate from the boot image.
  1. Prepare bootable image that boots in real-mode and loads CD-ROM drivers that allows access to the bulk of the disk's content. This startup also may allow the user to select what functionality they want to run in bootable operation.
  2. Layout the remaining disk content that will be accessible once the CD-ROM drivers have loaded.
  3. Create ISO image.
  4. Burn to disk.

Build Tools

Tools for creating the bootable CD.
  • Prepackaged command-line tools and diskette images: clean20.zip
  • Make ISO filesystem, mkisofs -- opensource Unix, Linux, and DOS command-line utility.
  • FreeDos -- opensource DOS implementation.

Some details to be integrated...


DescriptionWhat systems support it?
Single boot image configurationAll
Multiple boot image configurationSome
Boot record volume descriptorAll
Validation entryAll
Boot Indicator 88 "Bootable"All
Boot Indicator 00 "Not bootable"None
Boot media type 0 "No emulation"All *1
Boot media type 1,2,3 "Floppy emulation"All
Boot media type 4 "Harddisk emulation"All
Sector countMany *2
Load RBAAll
Header indicatorAll
Platform IDMany *3
ID stringSome *4
Section entry extensionsI've never used it
Int 13 function 4A - Initiate disk emulationNone *5
Int 13 function 4B - Terminate disk emulationAll
Int 13 function 4C - Initiate disk emulation and bootNone *5
Int 13 function 4D - Return boot catalogSome

*1Adaptec aha2940 supports no emulation mode from firmware revision 1.25
*2Some systems do not support reading more than 1 sector
*3Some systems do not check the platform ID
*4I've only seen adaptec SCSI adapters support this
*5This one hurts, I wanted to use this function badly

Future projects

  • Support for DVD.
  • Support for solid state storage (USB/thumb or flash memory).
  • Support for boot on a Mac.
  • Support for multi-boot. Rather than driving the selection of the configuration via a Dos menu, multiple boot configurations can be stored on disk and selected directly.

Bibliograpy

  1. Microsoft. “KB167685: How to Create an El Torito Bootable CD-ROM.” [Online] Available http://support.microsoft.com/kb/167685, April 12, 2004. Details one detailed approach to creating a bootable CD/DVD.
  2. “Bart’s way to create bootable CD-Roms (for Windows/Dos).” [Online] Available http://www.nu2.nu/bootcd/, June 6, 2005.
  3. IBM and Phoenix. “‘El Torito’ Bootable CD-ROM Format Specification.” [Online] Available http://www.phoenix.com/NR/rdonlyres/98D3219C-9CC9-4DF5-B496-A286D893E36A/0/specscdrom.pdf, January 25, 1995.
  4. Wikipedia. “ISO 9660.” [Online] Available http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_9660, April 19, 2009